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HOME > J Korean Soc Clin Toxicol > Volume 16(1); 2018 > Article
Comparison of Silymarin, Penicillin, N-acetylcysteine in Patient with Amatoxin Poisoning: A Systematic Review
Min Woo Choi, Dong Ryul Ko, Taeyoung Kong, Min Hong Choa, Je Sung You, Sung Phil Chung
Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology 2018;16(1):33-41
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22537/jksct.2018.16.1.33
Published online: June 30, 2018
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1Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
2Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
3Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
4Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
5Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
6Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of pharmacologic treatment of amatoxin poisoning patients. Methods: Literature was accessed through PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, KoreaMed, KISS and KMBASE. Studies relevant to human use of pharmacologic therapy including silymarin, penicillin and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for amanita poisoning were included. Case reports, letters, editorials and papers with insufficient information were excluded. Comparison of clinical outcomes (especially mortality and liver transplantation rate) in each study was analyzed. Results: The final analysis included 13 retrospective studies. None of these studies showed direct comparisons of individual agents. Among 12 studies comparing silymarin vs penicillin, eight showed clinical superiority of silymarin. Among eight studies comparing silymarin with NAC, six showed clinical superiority of silymarin. Among seven studies of NAC vs penicillin, five showed clinical superiority of NAC. Conclusion: This systematic review suggested that clinical superiority of various pharmacological agents used to treat amatoxin poisoning is debatable. Nevertheless, the available evidence suggests it is reasonable to consider combinations of multiple agents for patients with amanita poisoning. Further studies are required to establish a treatment regimen for amanita poisoning.

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JKSCT : Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology